Merck & Pfizer
Pfizer and Merck are two of the largest US pharmaceutical companies competing across oncology, vaccines, and infectious disease. Merck's Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is the world's best-selling drug at $25B+ in 2024 annual revenue, while Pfizer's oncology portfolio (Ibrance, Xtandi, Padcev) competes in adjacent cancer indications. Both companies also compete in vaccines: Pfizer's Prevnar franchise versus Merck's vaccines portfolio.
Why it matters: Cancer is the largest and fastest-growing pharmaceutical market, projected to exceed $300B by 2030. Keytruda's dominance across 30+ cancer indications has transformed Merck's revenue profile, while Pfizer's Seagen acquisition (completed 2023 for $43B) bolstered its oncology portfolio with antibody-drug conjugates. The competition for oncologist prescribing habits determines billions in revenue.